Shanghai Jiao Tong University researchers publish roadmap for recursive self-improvement in AI systems

Researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University led by Yi Duan published an ArXiv paper (2609.11873) surveying recursive self-improvement (RSI) in AI systems, proposing a staged roadmap progressing from improvement execution to meta-improvement, and introducing the Headroom-Closed Index to measure current LLM limitations. The paper examines RSI applications across scientific discovery, embodied intelligence, and software engineering.